"Rat Ultrasonic Vocalizations and their Implication in Limiting Anthrop" by Isabel DiLandro
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Abstract

Emotions in humans are very difficult to measure in a scientifically responsible manner.They are fickle, difficult to define, and even more difficult still to attach numerical value to as a subjective, malleable thing. If affective science, also known as the study of emotion, is difficult to fully grasp with participants that can talk back to us, effectively providing verbal insight to the inner workings of their cognition and self-reporting their thoughts and feelings for interpretation, then what are researchers meant to do when it comes time to measure the same responses in subjects that cannot provide them with any of that information? That is only one of the many struggles one must take into consideration when conducting animal research.

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