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Abstract

Diabetes, the seventh leading cause of death in the United States, is caused by excessive blood glucose. Type 1 diabetes is a variation of the disease characterized by a deficiency in insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas that allows cells to take up glucose from the blood and receive energy. Lack of insulin results in accumulation of sugar in the bloodstream, and subsequently dehydration, excessive urination, and tissue damage. The need to prevent the disease is urgent, as over a million children or young adults in the world have type 1 diabetes, and over 100,000 cases of type 1 diabetes are diagnosed every year.

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