DOI

10.1038/nchembio.2131

Abstract

Clinical resistance to the second-generation antiandrogen enzalutamide in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), despite persistent androgen receptor (AR) activity in tumors, highlights the unmet medical need for next generation antagonists. We have identified and characterized tetra-aryl cyclobutanes (CBs) as a new class of competitive AR antagonists that exhibit a unique mechanism of action. These CBs are structurally distinct from current antiandrogens (hydroxyflutamide, bicalutamide, and enzalutamide), and inhibit AR-mediated gene expression, cell proliferation, and tumor growth in several models of CRPC. Conformational profiling revealed that CBs stabilize an AR conformation resembling an unliganded receptor. Using a variety of techniques, it was determined that the AR:CB complex was not recruited to AR-regulated promoters and, like apo AR, remains sequestered in the cytoplasm bound to heat shock proteins. Thus, we have identified third generation AR antagonists whose unique mechanism of action suggests that they may have therapeutic potential in CRPC.

Document Type

Post-print Article

Publication Date

8-8-2016

Publisher Statement

Copyright © 2016 Nature Publishing Group. Article first published online: 30 Aug 2016.

DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2131.

The definitive version is available at:

http://www.nature.com/nchembio/journal/v12/n10/full/nchembio.2131.html

Full citation:

Pollock, Julie A., Suzanne E. Wardell, Alexander A. Parent, David B. Stagg, Stephanie J. Ellison, Holly M. Alley, Christina A. Chao, Scott A. Lawrence, James P. Stice, Ivan Spasojevic, Jennifer G. Baker, Sung Hoon Kim, Donald P. McDonnell, John A. Katzenellenbogen, and John D. Norris. "Inhibiting androgen receptor nuclear entry in castration-resistant prostate cancer." Nature Chemical Biology 12, no. 10 (August 8, 2016): 795-801. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.2131.

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